A Review of ChatGPT Use in Higher Education: Motivations. Usage Patterns, and Academic Impacts


Salman A.

5th International Congress on Scientific Advances, Ankara, Türkiye, 24 - 27 Aralık 2025, ss.370-379, (Tam Metin Bildiri)

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Ankara
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.370-379
  • Maltepe Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Abstract: This review examines the motivations, usage patterns, and academic outcomes associated with ChatGPT use in higher education by synthesizing findings from recent empirical and conceptual studies. The rapid adoption of ChatGPT has reshaped how university students approach learning, writing, research, and problem-solving activities, leading to notable shifts in academic practices. The literature indicates that students most frequently rely on ChatGPT for content generation, text revision, writing assistance, information retrieval, and practical guidance during coursework. Increased use is largely driven by academic workload, time pressure, demanding assessment schedules, and stress experienced throughout learning processes. However, research also highlights several potential risks uncritical or excessive reliance may reduce learning depth, undermine cognitive engagement, increase procrastination, and shift responsibility for sense-making from the learner to the system. In contrast, intentional and ethically guided use is associated with improvements in coherence, linguistic accuracy, fluency, clarity, and overall writing quality. Students writing in English as a second language particularly benefit from enhanced academic tone, vocabulary precision, and genre awareness. Beyond writing, some studies emphasize the role of ChatGPT in fostering academic confidence, supporting idea development, and facilitating personalized learning, while others caution that unequal access, lack of digital literacy, and unelear institutional policies may limit effective use. By integrating these convergent and divergent findings, this review provides a balanced perspective on the role of generative Al in higher education. The purpose of the study is to clarify how ChatGPT shapes academic behaviors, identify factors that influence its adoption. and outline key implications for learning practices, academic integrity, and student-agency. This review also highlights the need for future research addressing long-term learning outcomes, ethical frameworks, and pedagogical strategies that support responsible Al-mediated academic work.

Keywords: ChatGPT: Higher Education: Academic Writing